The structure of the Fan Filter Unit (FFU) is relatively complex yet intricately designed, comprising several key components as follows:
I. Main Components
Outer Shell:
Materials: The primary materials for the outer shell include cold-rolled steel with baked enamel finish, stainless steel, and aluminum-zinc-coated steel, with the choice depending on specific application environments and requirements.
Shapes: There are mainly two shapes for the outer shell: one with a sloped top, which primarily serves as a flow guide to facilitate the smooth and even distribution of intake air; the other is a rectangular shape, which is aesthetically pleasing and allows air entering the housing to come into maximum contact with the filter surface.
Metal Protective Mesh:
Most metal protective meshes are anti-static, primarily functioning to protect maintenance personnel from harm.
Pre-filter:
It primarily prevents debris generated during construction, maintenance, or other situations from damaging the high-efficiency filter. Its material is typically washable polyurethane fiber.
Motor and Impeller:
Motor: The FFU employs either DC or AC motors, each with its pros and cons. DC motors are larger in size and more costly but easier to control, albeit with higher energy consumption. AC motors, on the other hand, are smaller, less expensive, but require specialized control techniques, operating with lower energy consumption.
Impeller: The impeller comes in two forms: forward-curved and backward-curved. The former enhances vectorial airflow and dust removal capability, while the latter facilitates energy savings and noise reduction.
Airflow Balancing Device:
Most manufacturers equip the FFU with an airflow balancing device to adjust the outlet airflow and improve airflow distribution within the cleanroom. These devices are mainly classified into orifice plates, grids, and dynamic curves.
High-Efficiency Partitionless Filter:
It captures particles and dust ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 microns, exhibiting an extremely high filtration efficiency of up to 99.95% to 99.99999%.
Duct Connection Components:
In lower-grade cleanrooms, FFUs equipped with duct connection components facilitate seamless connections between ducts and FFUs.
Control Unit:
It offers diverse control modes, including multi-step control, stepless control, continuous adjustment, computing, and control functions. It also enables single-unit, multi-unit, zoned control, fault alarm, and historical record functions.
II. Integrated and Split Designs
Integrated FFU: The housing and high-efficiency filter are designed as a single unit, enhancing the FFU's sealing capabilities, effectively preventing leaks, and contributing to lower noise and vibration levels.
Split FFU: The housing and high-efficiency filter are designed separately, making filter replacement convenient and reducing labor intensity during installation.
III. Performance Characteristics
Low Power Consumption and Operating Costs: The FFU operates with low power consumption and low running costs.
Strong Adaptability: The FFU can be adapted to various cleanroom environments ranging from Class 10,000 to Class 1, ensuring broad application scopes.
High Flexibility: The FFU's simple structure offers excellent adaptability, allowing for modular combination and assembly based on process requirements.
Uniform and Stable Airflow: Equipped with a built-in fan and filter unit, the FFU achieves uniform airflow easily through computer-based group control.
Negative Pressure Sealing: The FFU's supply air system operates under negative pressure in the plenum, facilitating easier sealing at the air outlet. In case of leakage, it occurs from the cleanroom towards the FFU plenum, preventing contamination of the cleanroom.
In conclusion, the structural design of the Fan Filter Unit (FFU) comprehensively considers factors such as filtration efficiency, airflow distribution, noise control, energy consumption, and ease of installation and maintenance.
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