The working principle of air purifiers is mainly based on a series of physical and chemical means to intercept, adsorb, decompress or inactivate pollutants in the air, so as to achieve the purpose of purifying air. The following is the detailed working principle of the air purifier:
First, physical filtering
Primary filtering:
Usually, silver ion primary filter or PP material primary filter is used to mainly intercept large particles in the air, such as hair, dander, dust, etc., to protect the subsequent filter from damage.
HEPA high efficiency filtration:
High-efficiency air filter (HEPA) is one of the core components of air purifiers, which can efficiently capture small particles in the air.
Especially for PM2.5 particles with a diameter less than 0.3 μm, the removal rate of HEPA was more than 99.97%.
HEPA filter is composed of a stack of serially folded sub-glass fiber membrane, forming a wavy gasket, which can effectively block the passage of small particles.
Activated carbon filtration:
The activated carbon layer uses its strong adsorption ability to adsorb and remove formaldehyde, benzene, TVOCs and other harmful gases and peculiar odors.
Activated carbon is a porous carbon-containing substance with a highly developed pore structure that provides a large surface area that allows it to fully contact and adsorb gas impurities.
Two, active purification technology
Negative ion generator:
Some high-end air purifiers will be equipped with negative ion generators, which can ionize the air continuously and produce a large number of negative ions.
Negative ions can combine with dust particles in the air and make them settle down, so as to achieve the purpose of cleaning the air.
Ozone generator:
Ozone generator can produce ozone, ozone has strong oxidation, can oxidative decomposition of part of the harmful gas.
However, it should be noted that too high ozone concentration may have a negative impact on human health, so it is necessary to control the amount of ozone generation when using it.
Photocatalyst technology:
Photocatalysts can catalyze the decomposition of organic matter, bacteria and viruses in the air under light conditions.
When the air passes through the photocatalytic air purification device, the photocatalyst does not change itself under the irradiation of light, but can promote chemical reactions and degrade harmful substances into non-toxic and harmless substances.
Third, intelligent monitoring system
Modern air purifiers are also equipped with intelligent monitoring systems that monitor indoor air quality in real time through high-precision sensors, including PM2.5 concentration, formaldehyde content, and TVOCs concentration. According to the monitoring results, the air purifier can automatically adjust the purification gear to ensure that the indoor air is always kept in the optimal state.
In summary, the working principle of air purifier involves many aspects such as physical filtration, active purification technology and intelligent monitoring system. Together, these technologies can effectively remove pollutants in the air, improve indoor air quality, and provide people with a healthier and more comfortable living environment.